ENISA 暗号に関する2つの報告書 「ポスト量子暗号：現状と量子緩和」と「暗号資産：デジタル通貨と分散型台帳技術の概要」

こんにちは、丸山満彦です。

ENISAが暗号に関する2つの報告書（「ポスト量子暗号：現状と量子緩和」と「暗号資産：デジタル通貨と分散型台帳技術の概要」）を公表していますね。

● ENISA

プレス↓

・2021.02.09 (news) Solving the Cryptography Riddle: Post-quantum Computing & Crypto-assets Blockchain Puzzles

The European Union Agency for Cybersecurity releases two reports on cryptography: one on the progress of post-quantum cryptography standardisation, and the other on exploring the technologies under the hood of crypto-assets.

報告書↓

・2021.02.09 (publication) Post-Quantum Cryptography: Current state and quantum mitigation

Post-Quantum Cryptography (PQC). It presents the 5 main families of PQ algorithms; viz. code-based, isogeny-based, hash-based, lattice-based and multivariate-based. 

 ・[PDF] POST-QUANTUM CRYPTOGRAPHY: Current state and quantum mitigation

1 Introduction

2 Families of Post-Quantum Algorithms

2.1 Code-based

2.2 Isogeny-based

2.3 Hash-based

2.4 Lattice-based

2.5 Multivariate-system based

2.6 The NIST Round 3 Candidates

3 NIST Round 3 Finalists

3.1 Encryption Schemes

3.1.1 Classic McEliece

3.1.2 Crystals-Kyber

3.1.3 NTRU

3.1.4 Saber

3.2 Signature Schemes

3.2.1 Crystals-Dilithium

3.2.2 Falcon

3.2.3 Rainbow

4 Alternate Candidates

4.1 Encryption Schemes

4.2 Signature Schemes

5 Quantum Mitigation

5.1 Hybrid schemes

5.2 Protective measures for pre-quantum cryptography

6 Conclusions

Bibliography

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・2021.02.09 (publication) Crypto Assets: Introduction to Digital Currencies and Distributed Ledger Technologies

This report aims to increase the understanding of blockchain technologies. It aims to explain the underlying technical concepts and how they relate to each other. The goal is to explain the components, and illustrate their use by pointing to deployed instances where the ideas are utilized.

　・[PDF] CRYPTO ASSETS: An Introduction to Digital Currencies and Distributed Ledger Technologies

1 The Genesis Of Bitcoin

1.1 Hash Functions

1.2 Merkle Tree

1.3 Digital Signature

1.4 Secret Sharing

1.5 Byzantine Agreement

1.6 Electronic Cash

1.7 Zero-Knowledge

1.8 Time Stamps

1.9 Multi-Party Computation and Threshold Cryptography

1.10 Proof of Work

2 Distributed Ledger Technologies and Bitcoin

2.1 The Word ‘Ledger’

2.2 The Word ‘Distributed’

2.3 The Words ‘Distributed Ledger Technology’

2.4 Provisioned Blockchains

2.5 Non-Provisioned Blockchains

2.6 Rewarding Validators

3 Applications

4 Smart Contracts

5 Securing Secret Keys

6 Zero-Knowledge Proofs

6.1 Applications of Zero-Knowledge Proofs

6.2 Removing Trusted Setups

7 Conclusions

Bibliography