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2020.07.14

英国議会 民主・デジタル技術特別委員会 - デジタル技術と信頼の復活

こんにちは、丸山満彦です。

2020.06.29に英国議会から民主・デジタル技術特別委員会 - デジタル技術と信頼の復活という報告書が公表されていました。。。153ページに及ぶ大作です。

プラットフォーマに対する英国議会の考えとかも入っているようですね。。。

UK Parliament Select Committee on Democracy and Digital Technologies

・2020.06.29 (News) Democracy under threat from ‘pandemic of misinformation’ online, say Lords Committee

・2020.06.29 summary of the report 

・2020.06.29  Digital Technology and the Resurrection of Trust [HTML] [PDF] [Downloaded]

 

Committee Chair

The Chair of the Committee, Lord Puttnam said:

"We are living through a time in which trust is collapsing. People no longer have faith that they can rely on the information they receive or believe what they are told. That is absolutely corrosive for democracy.

"Part of the reason for the decline in trust is the unchecked power of digital platforms.
These international behemoths exercise great power without any matching accountability, often denying responsibility for the harm some of the content they host can cause, while continuing to profit from it.

"We've seen clear evidence of this in recent months through a dangerous rise of misinformation about COVID-19. We have become aware of the ways in which misinformation can damage an individual’s health along with a growing number of instances where it is our collective democratic health that’s under threat.  That must stop – it is time for the Government to get a grip of this issue.
They should start by taking steps to immediately bring forward a Draft Online Harms Bill.
We heard that on the current schedule the legislation may not be in place until 2024.
That is clearly unacceptable.

"We have set out a programme for change that, taken as a whole, can allow our democratic institutions to wrestle power back from unaccountable corporations and begin the slow process of restoring trust. Technology is not a force of nature and can be harnessed for the public good.
The time to do so is now."

Recommendations

  • The report says the Government must take action 'without delay' to ensure tech giants are held responsible for the harm done to individuals, wider society and our democratic processes through misinformation widely spread on their platforms.
  • The Committee says online platforms are not 'inherently ungovernable' but power has been ceded to a "few unelected and unaccountable digital corporations" including Facebook and Google, and politicians must act now to hold those corporations to account when they are shown to negatively influence public debate and undermine democracy.
  • The Committee sets out a package of reforms which, if implemented, could help restore public trust and ensure democracy does not 'decline into irrelevance'.

 


Select Committee on Democracy and Digital Technologies
Digital Technology and the Resurrection of Trust

Report of Session 2019-21 - published 29 June 2020 - HL Paper 77


Contents

Foreword by the Chair

Summary

Chapter 1: Introduction

Box 1: Definition of platforms

Figure 1: Examples of daily activity across social media platforms globally

The Committee’s work and acknowledgements

Chapter 2: Informed Citizens

Box 2: Definition of misinformation and disinformation

Misinformation and the media

Political advertising

Tackling misinformation and disinformation online

The role of fact checkers

Promoting good information

Communicating statistics

Making use of parliamentary expertise

Public interest journalism

Chapter 3: Accountability

Accountability and the technology platforms

The Online Harms agenda

Figure 2: Timeline of progress on the Online Harms White Paper

Freedom of expression in the online world

Platforms’ ultimate responsibility under a duty of care

Content moderation oversight

Appealing platforms’ decisions

Parliamentary oversight

Regulatory capacity

Box 3: The Regulators

Chapter 4: Transparency

Do platforms cause polarisation and degrade democratic discourse?

Targeted advertising

Foreign interference

Filter bubbles

Algorithmic design and outrage factories

Access for independent researchers

Algorithmic transparency

Box 4: How Google’s algorithms work

Algorithmic bias

Transparency in content moderation

Box 5: President Trump and content moderation study

Chapter 5: Inclusive debate across society

The role of technology in tackling the challenges facing democracy

Supporting technological innovation in democracy

Online voting

Technology as a tool, but not a panacea for problems facing democracy

A democratic information hub

How Government and Parliament could better use digital tools

Chapter 6: Free and fair elections

Box 6: Definition of campaigner

Electoral law

Figure 3: Reported spending by campaigners on digital advertising as a percentage of total advertising spend

Figure 4: Timeline of electoral developments throughout modern British history

Devolution

Imprints

Box 7: Imprints

Electoral Commission powers

Outside the formal investigation period

Campaigners’ receipts

Sanctions

Oversight powers

Small donations and spending

Advert databases

Box 8: Mozilla Guidelines for Effective Advert Archives

Campaigners’ use of personal data

Chapter 7: Active digital citizens

Political literacy

Digital skills and digital media literacy

Box 9: Definition of digital media literacy

Table 1: Digital Media Literacy and Digital Skills in the Curriculum

Lessons from abroad

Table 2: Digital pedagogy in Estonia and Finland

Who has responsibility for digital media literacy?

Teaching digital media literacy

Box 10: JCQ Statistics on take-up of computing GCSE and A-level

Making social media companies understandable to the public

Anonymity as a barrier to understanding content on the internet

Summary of recommendations

Appendix 1: List of Members and declarations of interest

Appendix 2: List of witnesses

Appendix 3: Call for evidence

Appendix 4: Note of the Committee Digital Surgeries organised with The Politics Project

Appendix 5: Regulatory Innovation Workshop

Appendix 6: The Seven Principles of Public Life (The Nolan Principles)

Appendix 7: List of definitions used in this Report

Appendix 8: Glossary

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« 米国のシークレットサービスが金融犯罪調査委員会(FCTF)と電子犯罪調査委員会(ECTF)を統合してサイバー不正調査委員会(CFTF)を設立したようですね。 | Main | UK National Cyber Security Centre - ボックスツールキットに在宅勤務・遠隔勤務の演習を追加・・・ »