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2020.07.13

JOINT ALL-DOMAIN COMMAND AND CONTROL (JADC2)

こんにちは、丸山満彦です。

軍の戦略や戦術というのは、ビジネスにおいても参考になりますよね。。。というか、元々軍の考え方がビジネスに入っているだけだから当たり前のことかもしれません。

米軍では、JOINT ALL-DOMAIN COMMAND AND CONTROL (JADC2)が話題なんでしょうかね。。。ビジネスでも参考になりそうですね。。。

専門性に応じて作られた組織を統合して相手に対応するための考え方は総論賛成ですが、各論になると色々と調整が必要となってきますね。。。

AI等の技術を最適に活用することが求められますよね。

そして、トップダウンととボトムアップの適切なブレンドも必要。。。

Joint Chief of Staffs
・2016.01.14 [PDF] Cross-Domain Synergy in Joint Operations - Planner's Guide

持てる力をすべてのドメイン(空、陸、海上、宇宙、サイバースペース)で適切に組み合わせるための方法を開発することが不可欠という認識の素、ドメインをまたがって運用するためには共同軍司令官(JFC)の機能を強化するための共同計画を開発する必要があると言うことで開発された物で、この計画ガイドの目的は、JFCの使命を達成するために各ドメインの機能を効率的かつ効果的に統合するための情報とアプローチを提供することとのことです。

 

US Air Force
・2020.07.02 Goldfein describes the future of the Air Force

・2019.12.23 Air Force, Navy, Army conduct first ‘real world’ test of Advanced Battle Management System

US Army
・2020.04.23 JADC2 ‘Experiment 2’ provides looking glass into future experimentation

Federation of American Scientists (FAS)
・2020.04.06 [PDF] Defense Capabilities: Joint All Domain Command and Control

MITRE
・2019.12 [PDF] A NEW BATTLE COMMAND ARCHITECTURE FOR MULTI-DOMAIN OPERATIONS

Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS)
・2020.05.06 Making the Most of the Air Force’s Investment in Joint All Domain Command and Control by Morgan Dwyer

Missile Defense Advocacy Alliance  (MDAA)
・2020.06.30 Joint All-Domain Command and Control (JADC2)

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Air University Library - Joint All-Domain Command and Control (JADC2): Home

Fed ScoopJOINT ALL-DOMAIN COMMAND AND CONTROL (JADC2)

 

Cross-Domain Synergy in Joint Operations - Planner's Guide

CHAPTER 1:  CROSS-DOMAIN SYNERGY OVERVIEW
A. General
B. Cross-Domain Synergy
   
CHAPTER 2 : ADDRESSING CHALLENGES TO CROSS-DOMAIN SYNERGY
A. General
B. Primary Challenge
C. Addressing Primary Challenge
D. Secondary Challenges
   
CHAPTER 3 : CROSS-DOMAIN SYNERGY VIA THE JOINT OPERATIONS PLANNING PROCESS (JOPP)
A. General
B. Conceptual Planning
C. Detailed Planning
D. JOPP
   
CHAPTER 4 : DOMAINS
A. General
B. Air
C. Land
D. Maritime
E. Space
F. Cyberspace
G. Wrap-Up
   
LIST OF APPENDICES
A Recommended Planning Practices
B Agencies and Partners
C Bibliography
D References for Further Professional Education
   
GLOSSARY
PART I Abbreviations and Acronyms
PART II Terms and Definitions
   
LIST OF FIGURE
I-1 LtCol Jimmy
I-2 Russian Cyber Actions against Georgia August 2008
II-1 Building Upon the Core Staff
II-2 Liaison Officer Guidelines
II-3 Basic Working Group Model
II-4 B2C2WG, and planning team - "Meeting Design"
II-5 Typical Joint Task Force Staff Organization w/B2C2WG
II-6 Joint Task Force HQ Battle Rhythm Example
III-1 Creative Brainstorming Technique
III-2 Joint Planning and Execution Community
III-3 Joint Operation Planning Process
III-4 Mission Analysis Activities
III-5 Mission Analysis
III-6 Example Mission Analysis Briefing
III-7 Course of Action Development
III-8 Course of Action Development
III-9 Course of Action Analysis
III-10 Course of Action Comparison
III-11 Staff Estimator Matrix (Intelligence Estimate)
III-12 Course of Action Approval
III-13 Commander’s Estimate
IV-1 Joint Air Tasking Cycle
IV-2 Joint Air Operations Planning
IV-3 Legal Boundaries of the Ocean and Airspace
IV-4 Three Layers of Cyberspace
IV-5 Cyberspace Actions
IV-6 Cyberspace C2 Concept
   
LIST OF TABLE
TIV-1 JFLCC Interface with Other Joint Forces C2 Mechanism
TIV-2 Cyberspace vs. Traditional Warfare Domain Characteristics

 

1. Introduction

The United States currently enjoys significant overmatch in the air, land, maritime, and space domains. However, adversaries are challenging that overmatch by creatively avoiding traditional U.S. strengths. This inventiveness allows adversaries to achieve their objectives in spite of U.S. military dominance in individual domains.

Military operations are becoming more complex with the rise in the number and variety of options available to commanders. Today’s warriors must contend with computers and satellites in addition to bayonets and bullets. The expansion of military activity beyond the air, sea, and land domains to space and cyberspace has broadened the community of warfighters to include computer scientists and astrophysicists. Integrating this expertise to achieve operational effectiveness against an adaptive, complex enemy is the mission of Joint Force Commanders (JFCs) and their staffs.

future Joint Forces will leverage better integration to improve cross-domain synergy-the complementary vice merely additive employment of capabilities across domains time and space. While the U.S. military maintains unique advantages in every domain, it is our ability to project force across domains that so often generates our decisive advantage.

Capstone Concept for Joint Operations: Joint Force 2020, (Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Defense, 2012, page 7).

Cross-domain synergy is “the complementary vice merely additive employment of capabilities in different domains such that each enhances the effectiveness and compensates for the vulnerabilities of others.”1 In the conduct of joint operations, the JFC routinely employs air, land, maritime, space, and/or cyberspace capabilities to overwhelm an adversary’s ability to decide and act.2 The commander seeks to optimize the balance between effectiveness and efficiency when combining joint capabilities. This requires employing capabilities so that they reinforce each other without undue redundancy or overlap. Synergy occurs when two or more of these actions combine to produce an effect greater than the sum of their individual effects. The JFC increases the likelihood of achieving a synergistic effect with the integrated employment of joint capabilities across multiple domains.

Cross-domain synergy is not an end in itself, but a by-product of effective joint planning. On rare occasions, a single domain solution is appropriate and better suited to accomplishing the mission. However, most missions call for capabilities from all five domains thus generating the need for competence in the integration of cross-domain capabilities. The planner’s efforts to integrate and synergize cross-domain capabilities will allow the JFC to attain the ultimate desired goal: mission accomplishment.

Throughout this planner’s guide, the adjective “cross-domain” describes operations, capabilities, and solutions which employ tools from one domain to create effects in another domain (air, land, maritime, space, and cyberspace). The guide highlights the importance of cross-domain solutions, the nuances of the domains, and the requirement for strong partnerships. It offers methods to engender innovative solutions from a large, diverse group and then merge their ideas into the planning process. While the planner’s guide will assist all staffs, it targets coordinating staff (numbered J-directorate) members responsible for orchestrating the contributions from multiple domains. The planner’s guide is both a ready reference for joint procedures and a basic source of information about each domain. Improved understanding of each domain will improve the employment of cross-domain capabilities and increase the potential for achieving cross-domain synergy.3

The planner’s guide is structured for quick retrieval of information.

  • Chapter 2 addresses the challenges to cross-domain synergy.
  • Chapter 3 discusses means to foster cross-domain synergy via the Joint Operations Planning Process (JOPP).
  • Chapter 4 describes each domain along with A) how the DOD has organized to operate within that domain and B) what it means to a joint planner trying to integrate that domain’s capabilities into a comprehensive plan.
  • Appendix A provides several recommended planning practices. These maxims are useful practices followed by experienced planners and should be deviated from only after careful consideration of risks.
  • Appendix B discusses the agencies and partners that a joint staff planner may encounter and how each can be used to develop and improve cross-domain solutions.
  • Appendix C is the bibliography of publications cited in this guide.
  • Appendix D provides a tailored reference list. Beyond a mere listing, Appendix D describes publications for staff officers who would like to learn more on a given topic (e.g. planning, cyberspace).
  • Glossary provides a listing of abbreviations (Part I) and terms and definitions (Part II).

 

1 S. Department of Defense, Joint Operational Access Concept (JOAC) Version 1.0. (Washington, DC: United States Department of Defense, 2012), Foreword. http://www.defense.gov/pubs/pdfs/JOAC_Jan%2012_Signed.pdf.

2 S. Department of Defense, JOAC, ii.

3 U.S. Department of Defense, Capstone Concept for Joint Operations: Joint Force 2020, Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Defense, 2012, 7.

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« NISTIR 8286 (Draft) Integrating Cybersecurity and Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) (2nd Draft) | Main | 米国のシークレットサービスが金融犯罪調査委員会(FCTF)と電子犯罪調査委員会(ECTF)を統合してサイバー不正調査委員会(CFTF)を設立したようですね。 »